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A civil engineer practices civil engineering, the branch of engineering which focuses on the design, construction, and maintenance of public works. These professionals may be employed by municipalities or by private firms which have landed contracts to build such public works. The qualifications to become a civil engineer vary by nation, but generally the position requires at least a four year degree, and in some cases formal certification will be needed as well before someone can advertise as a civil engineer.
Civil engineering is one of the oldest and most extensive branches of engineering. It focuses on aspects of public works like transportation, water treatment, government buildings, public facilities such as airports and train stations, and other large scale projects which benefit the public. A civil engineer must be able to design safe structures which meet standard codes in the regions that they are being built in. These structures must be designed with maintenance, efficiency, and other economic concerns in mind as well to ensure that they will endure through years of use.
In terms of transportation, civil engineers build bridges, tunnels, freeway interchanges, and other structures which are designed to facilitate the smooth, even flow of traffic while allowing for expansion and higher use rates.
Heating and ventilation engineers design, install and maintain the heating and air conditioning systems found mainly in larger buildings like office blocks, factories, schools, hospitals, shops and sports centres.
Water treatment includes sewage plants, delivery systems for fresh water, dams, and other facilities which handle both fresh and waste water, while government buildings run the gamut from police stations to city halls. A civil engineer might also work on projects like a city power plant or a major office building.
People who are interested in a career in civil engineering should plan on taking large amounts of math and science in high school.
An individual will usually need a range of qualifications for a job as a civil engineer, Among the types of qualifications a person needs are those that involve an advanced education, often a bachelor's degree. strong analytical and creative skills; and related work experience.
Usually, a person who wants to enter the field of civil engineering needs both an analytical mind and the ability to pay attention to detail. Creativity, decision making, and communication skills are often important as well. Additionally, many employers consider curiosity an important characteristic in a civil engineer.
Experience is often included among the civil engineering qualifications as well. Usually, new graduates have to spend time in training and gain experience before they can work independently. In most cases, this means working under the supervision of an experienced engineer for a significant amount of time.